How to Test the Purity Quality of Seed

Seed technology is the science and knowledge of several ways to improve the genetic and physical characteristics of seeds. Seeds updated with seed technology are expected to produce quality seeds.

Some of the activities that have been carried out on seed technology such as, variety improvement, assessment, and release of varieties, seed production, processing, storage, testing and certification of seeds.

Seeds as seeds in plants are used for the benefit of improving agricultural business and have an agronomic role or as an agronomic element. Quality seeds as seeds that have been confirmed as high-quality seeds. Good and quality seeds will support in the increase in products either in terms of quantity or quality.

Seed testing system to determine the value of planting on the field. Several components of seed quality that show a correlation with the value of seed planting on the field must be studied in testing. Seed testing refers to ISTA and some reconciliation has been taken to weigh specific needs (size, arrangement, germination scheme). Seed testing includes testing the physical quality of seed physiology.

The guide explains how to prepare examples that represent seed lots for testing purposes, and how to do testing, one of which is purity analytics.

Seed purity is a percentage based on the weight of pure seeds in an example of a seed. The specific direction of the seed purity test is to determine the formation based on the weight of the sample seed to be tested or in other words the formation of the seed row and to recognize from the various seed species and other particles present in a seed.

Seed purity analysis contains test examples that are separated into 4 elements, namely pure seeds, seeds of other species, weed seeds, and other materials or impurities.

Pure seed is the side of the example handled and as a representative of the plant species tested, and in actual circumstances the percentage of each plant species in focus is less than 5%.

Weed seeds show a percentage of the presence of the seeds of the plants mentioned as weeds. Sometimes these formations have subjective properties, to plants that are viewed as cultivated plants in one country but viewed as weeds elsewhere.

Other objects or excrement are defined as the side of one example that is not a seed, generally composed of broken stalks, small rocks, but can be fragments of seeds, ripe seeds or weed seeds that are not counted in the requirements as interpreted seeds. The requirements for that inequality will be set out in the conditions for testing.

The first step that has been done is to take an example and carry out weighing to find out the initial weight of the seeds before the purity test is carried out.

The stage after which the purity analysis, each seed is detected one-on-one visually based on morphological emergence. All seeds of other plants and seed manure are separated. After the analytical is carried out, weighing is carried out on each element.

The allowable loss factor ≤ 5%, if there is a weight loss > 5% of the weight of the initial working example. That will result in the analytics being repeated using new working examples. If the factor loses ≤ 5% therefore analytical purity it is continued by calculating the percentage of the 3 elements.

In the seed purity test of the example above, rice shows that the percentage of pure seeds is 68.04%, the percentage of seeds of other varieties is 20.61% and the percentage of seed impurities is 11.34%.

Based on SNI stocking seed class: The quality requirements in the laboratory are pure seeds with a minimum limit of 98%; seed manure 2% and seed seeds of other plants 0%.

Seed purity testing is a test that has been carried out by separating three pure seed elements, seeds of other plants, and seed impurities which are then calculated as a percentage of the 3 seed elements.

The purity of the seed is important to understand because it is useful in determining whether the seed is counted in a quality seed or may not be. Seed purity is a requirement in seed certification with predetermined standards. Therefore, the purity of the seeds must be known and implemented to obtain superior seeds and ready to be used for agricultural cultivation.

The purity of seeds is important to understand, because it has benefits, Here are some of the benefits of knowing the purity of seeds.

Take care of the quality of seeds, especially high-yielding varieties.
Know the percentage of seed purity of one variety.
To find out the seed type elements in the group.
To find out the identity of the various seed species and other particles in the group.
Creating seed element protection.

Seed Certification

Seed certification is a mechanism or process of periodic seed testing to direct, control, and organize the multiplication of seed production. Seed certification as a legitimate mechanism for multiplication and monitored seed production.

The intention is to provide seeds and materials for the multiplication of high-quality plants from high-yielding varieties for residents so that they can be planted and allocated with a borne genetic identity.

In addition, the direction of seed certification to provide collateral for seed consumers (farmers or seed breeders) regarding several quality factors that are clear, and cannot be determined by checking the seeds alone.

The relationship between the certification and purity of seeds can be concluded if the 2 have a strong correlation, with the direction of obtaining seeds from superior varieties and providing them to farmers for crop cultivation.

One of the requirements for seed certification is seed purity. This is because the success or failure of seeds to grow well is witnessed from the purity of the seeds, where certified seeds have been borne by the quality because there is seed purity.

Directions of seed certification related to seed purity

Take care of the genetic purity of the variety created by breeders or keep the purity and correctness of the variety.
Obtaining quality seeds from the same high-yielding variety according to the running quality standards and listed on the stamp.
Quality seeds are obtained with running quality standards, either quality on the field or in the laboratory.
Quality seeds are obtained in relation to seed breeding producers or seed traders that are needed by customers.

When doing its work, the activities that have been carried out by BPSP (seed certificate supervisory body) in the seed certification program include:

Conducting field checks.
Carry out monitoring of harvest and seed processing.
Checking harvesting tools and seed processing equipment.
Take the example of seeds.
Decide whether or not to pass one seed in the certification plan.
Monitoring the placement of stamps and certification seals for updating the seed certification system.
Providing certification stamps.
Improving certification methods.
Improving certification.
Perform logging and storage of data related to that activity.

The seed purity excursion system or seed cleaning can be carried out by:

1. Traditionally

Purification or cleaning that has been done traditionally can be mentioned as cleaning that has been done simply. The tools used are tampah and cleaning can be carried out as follows:

Clean objects lightly, by doing repeated lifting movements helped by blowing. Step so lightly objects or dirt can be flown out of the gap.
Clean unwanted and heavy objects or dirt and seeds, tampah or tampi tools are shaken or dirt that is quite heavy so that it collects in the middle of the tampah, so it is easy to remove them.

2. Machine Cleaning

Clean the seeds from all dirt, other seeds and seeds of weeds and pests by utilizing fixtures (machines). Some of its core activities include: recondition separated into three, namely: scalping (fixed on coarse materials), hulling (fixed on some sticky parts), and shelling (fixing on the exfoliation of dirt on the surface of the seed or skin). Its 3rd as a requirement of activity in an effort to obtain pure seeds. This step is used based on ISTA because it is more efficient to use.

Seed purity testing system in practicum with counting of pure seeds, seeds of other varieties, weed seeds and seed manure. When before the counting of seeds to be tested, the weight of the prefix is weighed. Further carried out the division of some components of the seed. The separation is carried out on the refining table. After being separated between 3 elements, namely pure seeds, seeds of other varieties and seed manure, the percentage is calculated.

Percentage of pure weight calculation

%BM = (Weight BM)/(Initial weight) x 100%

Percentage count seeds of other varieties or other species

%SL = (Weight SL)/(Initial weight) x 100%

Percentage of seed manure count

%KB = (KB weight)/(Original weight) x 100%

Seed purity testing practicum calculates the weight of the element and the percentage of pure seeds, other varieties and seed impurities. The weight yield of BM (pure seed) elements is 13.2 gr, VL (Other Varieties) is 4 gr and KB (Seed Impurities) is 2.2 gr.

The calculation results from the purity of rice seeds, for example, are pure seeds amounting to 68.04%, seeds of other varieties 20.61%, and seed manure is 11.34%. Therefore, conclusions can be drawn if the seeds tested do not meet the National Standardization Body because the rice purity standard is less than 98%. That results in low because it may still use traditional steps, until the results obtained are still low.

The purity of seeds is the best among 99.7%-99% which can only be achieved scientifically with contemporary tools. Seed purity analysis is generally carried out duplo because it differs between the first and 2nd test results not getting higher or lower than 5%.